Hafsa bint umar biography of williams

Muhammad's fourth wife (c. –)

Hafsa bint Umar (Arabic: حفصة بنت عمر, romanized:&#;Ḥafṣa bint ʿUmar; c. –) was the fourth wife of Muhammad and a daughter of the second caliph Umar (r.&#;–).

In Islamic writings, her name is thus often prefixed by the title "Mother of the Believers" (Arabic: أمّ المؤمنين, romanized:ʾumm al-muʾminīn).

Early life

Hafsa was the daughter and eldest child of 'Umar ibn al-Khattab and Zaynab bint Maz'un.

She was born "when Quraysh were building the House Kaʿbah, five years before the Prophet was sent," i.e., in ^[1]

Marriage

She was married to Khunays ibn Hudhafa but became a widow in August ^[2]

As soon as Hafsa had completed her waiting period, her father Umar offered her hand to Uthman ibn 'Affan, and thereafter to Abu Bakr; but they both refused her.

She was six years older than her brother 'Abdullaah. She was a beautiful and pious woman. He took part with the emigration squads to Abyssinia Ethiopia and Madeenah. He fought in the battles of Badr and Uhud.

Disappointed, Umar went to Muhammad to complain about this, and Muhammad replied, "Hafsa will marry one better than Uthman and Uthman will wed one better than Hafsa."^[3]

Muhammad married Hafsa in Sha'ban AH 3 (late January or early February ).^[4] This marriage "gave the Prophet the chance of allying himself with this faithful follower",^[5] i.e., Umar, had become his father-in-law.

Surat al-Tahrim

There are two stories related to the truth of the opening verses of Surat al-Tahrim. One is legitimate according to Imams al-Bukhari and Muslim and found in Sahih Muslim , narrated by the Prophet's wife Aisha. In this first narration, the Prophet prevented himself from drinking honey to please his wives.

The latter narration is mursal (meaning the chain of narration was interrupted) and ḍaʻīf(weak), narrated by Zaid ibn Aslam from the third generation who did not witness the event and found in Tafsir al-Tabari (who was recognizable to record numerous kinds of narrations, both authentic and inauthentic, as a compendium for hadith scholars to peruse and criticize narrations).

Hafsa was already married, but she was tragically widowed at aged Similar to Aisha or Umm Salamah Hafsa was able write and read, and also to memorize the entirety of the Quran. She was described as pious and intelligent, spending all day contemplating the verses of the Quran. At a time when the majority of women and men were not literate she was qualified to write and read.

In this weak narration, the Prophet was intimate with Maria al-Qibtiyya while Hafsa was away visiting her father, then asked him "In my home and on my bed?" upon returning and discovering about their act. He then made Maria forbidden upon himself to please Hafsa.^[6] Al-Qurtubi states that the first one is authentic and the second is weak.^[6]

Ibn Al-Arabi wrote in Ahkam al-Qur'an that: "Indeed, the only authentic narration is that it was about honey, that the Prophet drank it with Zainab, and Aisha and Hafsa pretended to be offended by it.

There occurred what occurred and the Prophet made an oath never to drink it again. He confided that to his wife and the verse was revealed regarding all of them".^[6]

Notable work

Uthman, when he became Caliph, used Hafsa's copy when he standardized the text of Qur'an.^[7] She is also said to have narrated sixty hadiths from Muhammad.^[8]

Death

She died in Sha'ban AH 45, i.e., in October or November She is buried in Al-Baqi Cemetery next to the other Mothers of the Faithful.^[9][10]

Contrasting Views

Sunni View

Hafsa is seen as scholarly and inquisitive by the Sunnis.

She is also respected as a Mother of The Believers.

Shi'a View

Due to the honey incident with the prophet,^[11][12] Shi'as disapprove of Hafsa and Aisha in this particular incident and cite the start of Surat al-Tahrim and the accompanying hadith as evidence.

But they do not curse them generally, which is extremism.^[13]

See also

External links

References

Sources

• Bagley, F. R. C. (1 February ). Twenty-three Years: A Study of the Prophetic Career of Mohammad. Routledge. ISBN&#;.
• Bosworth, C.

  E.; Donzel, E. van; Lewis, B.; Pellat, Ch., eds.

  Dear brother, consent us continue with the fourteenth lesson of the reverend female companions' biographies, may Allah be pleased with them all. We are still talking about the household of the Prophet, may Allah have peace and blessings upon him, particularly about his wives. Hafsah bint Umar, may Allah be pleased with them, was the pious wife who used to fast much and stand frequently in prayers. Furthermore, she was the one who kept the firstwritten copy of the Noble Quran in her house.

  (). Encyclopaedia of Islam, Volume VI (Mahk-Mid): [Fasc. a]. Brill. ISBN&#;. Retrieved 20 December

• Hassan, Riaz (). Islam and Society: Sociological Explorations. Melbourne University Publishing.

  ISBN&#;.

• Hekmat, Anwar (). Women and the Koran: The Status of Women in Islam. Prometheus Books. ISBN&#;.
• Irving, Washington (). Mohammed. Wordsworth Editions. ISBN&#;.
• Morgan, Diane (12 November ).
  Hafsa bint Umar - Wikipedia: Hafsa bint Umar (Arabic: حفصة بنت عمر, romanized: Ḥafṣa bint ʿUmar; c. –) was the fourth wife of Muhammad and a daughter of the second caliph Umar (r. –). In Islamic writings, her name is thus often prefixed by the title "Mother of the Believers" (Arabic: أمّ المؤمنين, romanized: ʾumm al-muʾminīn).

  Essential Islam: A Comprehensive Guide to Conviction and Practice. Bloomsbury Publishing USA. ISBN&#;.

• Rodinson, Maxime (2 March ). Muhammad. New York Review of Books.
  Hafsa was the daughter and eldest child of 'Umar ibn al-Khattab and Zaynab bint Maz'un. She was married to Khunays ibn Hudhafa but became a widow in August As soon as Hafsa had completed her waiting periodher father Umar offered her hand to Uthman ibn 'Affanand thereafter to Abu Bakr ; but they both refused her. Disappointed, Umar went to Muhammad to complain about this, and Muhammad replied, "Hafsa will marry one better than Uthman and Uthman will bond one better than Hafsa.

  ISBN&#;.

• Wherry, E. M. (4 July ). A Comprehensive Commentary on the Quran: Comprising Sale's Translation and Preliminary Discourse: Volume IV. Routledge. ISBN&#;.